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    Red flags
    • 08 Dec 2023
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    Red flags

    • Updated on 08 Dec 2023
    • 1 Minute to read
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    Article summary

    The below are examples of red flags for cognitive changes. Other red flags can exist, and clinical acumen is required. If red flags are present, consider urgent referral or admission.

    For more information on red flags, see NICE CKS guidance.

    Intracranial bleed
    • Significant head trauma 
    • Head injury on anticoagulants
    Acute delirium
    • Fever or signs of infection
    • Acute confusion 
    Early onset dementia
    • Family history of early onset dementia
    Space occupying lesions 
    • New seizures or neurological symptoms
    • Early morning headaches 
    • Vomiting
    Stroke
    • Loss or altered neurological symptoms.
    • FAST warning signs present: Facial dropping, Arm weakness, Speech difficulties, Time to call 999 urgently
    • Symptoms in the FAST test identify most strokes, but occasionally a stroke can cause different symptoms
    Intoxication
    • Significant alcohol or drug misuse

    References and Further Information:
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