Examination

Updated on 08 Dec 2023
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Examination is recommended for women with suspected genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM), both to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other vulval conditions.

CLINICAL SIGNS OF GSM INCLUDE:

• Changes in vulval tissue colour, ranging from pallor to erythema.
• Decreased moisture.
• Tissue fragility and petechiae.
• Decreased elasticity.
• Loss of vaginal rugae.
• Labia minora resorption.
• Shortening of vagina.
• Introital retraction.
• Loss of hymenal remnants.
• Urethral eversion or prolapse.
• Prominence of urethral meatus.
• Urinary tract infection.

Note:

A normal examination does not exclude the diagnosis of GSM, and there can be minimal signs of disease despite marked symptoms.

References and Further Information:

Briggs P. Consensus Statement -Urogenital atrophy. Post Reprod Health 2022.

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