ADHD

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is defined as a persistent pattern of inattention and or hyperactivity-impulsivity that interferes with functioning or development.

Like other types of neurodiversity, currently there are no specific studies that examine the impact of menopause in women with ADHD, and it represents an area where further research is needed.

Small studies have suggested that ADHD symptoms may change across the menstrual cycle. One study undertaken by Roberts and Colleagues of 32 women reported decreased levels of oestrogen being associated with higher ADHD symptoms on the following day.

There is biological plausibility to support this finding because oestrogen can modulate the function of intracranial neurotransmitters, including dopamine, which plays a central role in ADHD and executive functioning. However, without larger studies, definitive conclusions cannot be made.

In a prospective study undertaken by Groenman and Colleagues in 2022, increased menopausal symptoms such as hot flushes, poor sleep, increased anxiety, poor concentration and memory lapses were found in women who had ADHD, compared to neurotypical women.